Computers are electronic devices that process, store, and retrieve data. They execute a set of instructions known as programs, which enable them to perform a wide range of tasks, including calculations, data analysis, and managing information. Computers consist of hardware components, such as the central processing unit (CPU), memory, storage, and input/output devices, and they operate through software applications that govern their functions.

By functioning in binary code (consisting of 0s and 1s), computers can manipulate various forms of data, including text, images, and sound. They can be classified into various types, including personal computers, laptops, servers, and supercomputers, each serving different purposes and performance requirements.

Over the years, computers have evolved significantly in size, speed, and capability, leading to the development of various technologies such as the internet, mobile computing, and artificial intelligence. They play a crucial role in numerous fields, from business and education to science and entertainment, becoming integral to modern life and communication.