Smartphones are handheld electronic devices that combine the functionalities of a mobile phone with advanced computing capabilities. They typically feature a touchscreen interface, allowing users to interact with the device through taps, swipes, and gestures. Smartphones integrate various features such as internet connectivity (via Wi-Fi and cellular networks), multimedia capabilities (including cameras for photography and video recording), and a range of applications (apps) that can be downloaded to perform various tasks.

Equipped with operating systems such as Android or iOS, smartphones enable users to communicate via voice calls, text messages, and instant messaging, as well as access social media, browse the web, and manage personal information. They often include sensors such as GPS for location tracking, accelerometers for motion sensing, and biometric features like fingerprint readers or facial recognition for enhanced security. Smartphones have become an essential tool in modern life, facilitating communication, entertainment, productivity, and information access on the go.